Layers

Overview

A Cassis payment is a route with any number of hops, each of which is a HTLCs, all bound to the same hash H and honoring strictly decreasing timeouts. Each network expresses that HTLC in its own idiom, the preimage R (with H = sha256(R)) is the only key that settles a hop, and a timeout always opens a refund path.

● Lightning

Protocol

BOLT

NetworkId

lightning

HTLC

native BOLT update_add_htlc with payment_hash and cltv_expiry

DISPATCH descriptor

BOLT11 hold invoice (payment_request), sent as the outgoing target the payer pays verbatim to preserve the payment secret

Default delta timeout

30 s

● Liquid

Protocol

Liquid

NetworkId

liquid (mainnet), liquid::testnet

HTLC

P2WSH script, OP_HASH160 <RIPEMD160(payment_hash)> claim path with CLTV refund

DISPATCH descriptor

lockup outpoint (lockup_txid + lockup_vout) pinning the broadcast lockup tx, plus refund_pubkey and refund_locktime; the claim side is rebuilt from the route hash

Default delta timeout

300 s

● Arkade

Protocol

Arkade

NetworkId

arkade (mainnet), arkade::testnet

HTLC

VhtlcScript taproot tree, RIPEMD160(payment_hash), seconds-based timelocks

DISPATCH descriptor

VHTLC options — sender, receiver, server x-only keys, payment_hash160, refund_locktime, and three unilateral CSV delays (unilateral_claim_delay, unilateral_refund_delay, unilateral_refund_without_receiver_delay)

Default delta timeout

60 s

● Cashu

Protocol

Cashu

NetworkId

cashu::<host[:port]> (each mint is a separate network)

HTLC

NUT-14 spending conditions on a NUT-10 HTLC secret

DISPATCH descriptor

NUT-14 locked ecash proofs, one base64-encoded NUT-00 Proof per element

Default delta timeout

30 s

● Fedimint

Protocol

Fedimint

NetworkId

fedimint::<invite_code> (each fedimint is a separate network)

HTLC

LNv2 Lightning module

DISPATCH descriptor

Bolt11 invoice the counterparty must pay (fedimint sells its own preimage, so the descriptor is the invoice, not a proof set)

Default delta timeout

30 s

● Rootstock

Protocol

Rootstock

NetworkId

rootstock (mainnet), rootstock::testnet

HTLC

EtherSwap v3 contract, sha256 precompile matches H byte-for-byte

DISPATCH descriptor

contract address, amount_wei, claim_address, refund_address, and block-height timelock

Default delta timeout

600 s